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<title>Alien language</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alien language</span></span>

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<p><b>Alien languages</b> are a hypothetical subject since none have been encountered so far.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The research in these hypothetical languages is variously called exolinguistics, xenolinguistics<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="Astrolinguistics" title="Astrolinguistics">astrolinguistics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A group of prominent linguists and animal communication scientists, including <a href="Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a>, have examined such hypothetical languages in the book <i>Xenolinguistics: Towards a Science of Extraterrestrial Language</i>, edited by astrobiologist <a href="Douglas_Vakoch" title="Douglas Vakoch">Douglas Vakoch</a> and linguist Jeffrey Punske.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The question of what form alien languages might take and the possibility for humans to recognize and translate them has been part of the <a href="Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguistics</a> and language studies courses, e.g., at the <a href="Bowling_Green_State_University" title="Bowling Green State University">Bowling Green State University</a> (2001).<sup id="cite_ref-wells1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wells1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Starting with his hypothesis of a genetically predetermined <a href="Universal_grammar" title="Universal grammar">universal grammar</a> of human languages, Noam Chomsky held that it would be impossible for a human to naturally learn an alien language because it would most probably violate the universal grammar inborn in humans. Humans would have to study an alien language by the slow way of discovery, the same way as scientists conduct research in complex subjects.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Linguist <a href="Keren_Rice" title="Keren Rice">Keren Rice</a> posits that basic <a href="Communication" title="Communication">communication</a> between humans and aliens should be possible, unless "the things that we think are common to languages—situating in time [and] space, talking about participants, etc.—are so radically different that the human language provides no starting point for it."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p><a href="Jessica_Coon" title="Jessica Coon">Jessica Coon</a>, a professor of linguistics at <a href="McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill University</a>, was consulted for the linguistic aspect of the 2016 film <i><a href="Arrival_(film)" title="Arrival (film)">Arrival</a></i>. While acknowledging that the graphical language in the film was art without linguistic meaning, she stated that the film was a fairly accurate portrayal of the approach human linguists would use in trying to understand an alien language.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p><a href="Laurance_Doyle" title="Laurance Doyle">Laurance Doyle</a> and others have suggested an application of <a href="Zipf's_law" title="Zipf's law">Zipf's law</a> for detection of alien language in the <a href="Search_for_extraterrestrial_intelligence" title="Search for extraterrestrial intelligence">search for extraterrestrial intelligence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-doyle2016_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doyle2016-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kersh2021_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kersh2021-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p><a href="Solomon_W._Golomb" title="Solomon W. Golomb">Solomon W. Golomb</a> posited that in order to gain the ability to build radio transmitters or other devices capable of interstellar communication, or any other technology beyond the most rudimentary tools, knowledge must be accumulated over the course of many generations. Golomb further reasoned that since this requires that those who have learned knowledge from others can keep passing it on even after those who originally created the knowledge are dead, any beings capable of building civilizations must have an innate understanding that information retains its meaning no matter who utters it, and not block information out based on the generation of the messenger or deeming the same words acceptable or unacceptable depending on who utters them. It was held by Golomb that this ability, by being a necessary condition for accumulating information into culture in the first place, must be innate as something that is needed to form culture from the beginning cannot be an effect of culture. Golomb argued that this would create a common linguistic ground assisting humans with this ability in learning extraterrestrial languages.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

<a href="Ian_Roberts_(linguist)" title="Ian Roberts (linguist)">Ian Roberts</a>, a professor of linguistics at the <a href="University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a> says: "We are the only species that have language in the sense of an open-ended system which can be used to express anything you want to express". Roberts sits on the <a href="METI_International" title="METI International">Advisory Council of Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence</a> (METI), an organisation founded in 2015 to send messages from Earth to outer space in the hope of receiving a reply.

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<ul><li><a href="Alien_language_in_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Alien language in science fiction">Alien language in science fiction</a> – How science fiction has used the science of language as a subject<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li>

<li><a href="Animal_language" title="Animal language">Animal language</a> – Complex animal communication</li>

<li><a href="Astrolinguistics" title="Astrolinguistics">Astrolinguistics</a> – Field of linguistics related to extraterrestrial life</li>

<li><a href="Communication_with_extraterrestrial_intelligence" title="Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence">Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence</a> – Branch of SETI</li>

<li><a href="Interspecies_communication" title="Interspecies communication">Interspecies communication</a> – Communication between different species</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFOberhaus2019" class="citation book cs1">Oberhaus, Daniel (2019-10-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2CWzDwAAQBAJ"><i>Extraterrestrial Languages</i></a>. <a href="The_MIT_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="The MIT Press">The MIT Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-262-04306-9</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1142708941">1142708941</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231029224815/https://books.google.com/books?id=2CWzDwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-10-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-25</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An early use of the term "xenolinguistics" in <a href="Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a> occurred in 1986, in the novel "Triad" by <a href="Sheila_Finch" title="Sheila Finch">Sheila Finch</a> (<cite id="CITEREFFinch1986" class="citation book cs1">Finch, Sheila (1986). <i>Triad</i>. New York: Spectra. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780553257922</bdi>.</cite> New edition: <cite id="CITEREFFinch2012" class="citation book cs1">Finch, Sheila (2012). <i>Triad</i>. Rockville, Maryland: <a href="Wildside_Press" title="Wildside Press">Wildside Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781434447913</bdi>.</cite>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDaniels1980" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="Peter_T._Daniels" title="Peter T. Daniels">Daniels, Peter T.</a> (1980). "Aliens And Linguists (Book Review)". <i>Library Journal</i>. <b>105</b> (13): 1516.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSchirber2008" class="citation journal cs1">Schirber, Michael (October 2008). "Use grammar to decipher alien tongues". <i>New Scientist</i>. <b>200</b> (2678): 12. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0262-4079%2808%2962599-3">10.1016/S0262-4079(08)62599-3</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVakochPunske2024" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Douglas_Vakoch" title="Douglas Vakoch">Vakoch, Douglas A.</a>; Punske, Jeffrey, eds. (2024). <i>Xenolinguistics: Towards a Science of Extraterrestrial Language</i>. Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN: <a href="Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9781003352174">10.4324/9781003352174</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-032-39960-7</bdi>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (link)</span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-wells1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wells1_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://personal.bgsu.edu/~swellsj/xenolinguistics/">Course notes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190726062353/http://personal.bgsu.edu/~swellsj/xenolinguistics/">Archived</a> 2019-07-26 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by assistant professor <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://personal.bgsu.edu/~swellsj/">Sheri Wells-Jensen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180108010703/http://personal.bgsu.edu/~swellsj/xenolinguistics/">Archived</a> 2018-01-08 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="Bowling_Green_State_University" title="Bowling Green State University">Bowling Green State University</a>. Retrieved June 19, 2017.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFChomsky1983" class="citation interview cs1"><a href="Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Chomsky, Noam</a> (November 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chomsky.info/198311__/">"Things No Amount of Learning Can Teach"</a>. <i><a href="Omni_(magazine)" title="Omni (magazine)">Omni</a></i> (Interview). Vol. 6:11. Interviewed by John Gliedman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180527002518/https://chomsky.info/198311__/">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFUyeno2016" class="citation web cs1">Uyeno, Greg (September 2, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/alien-interpreters-how-linguists-would-talk-to-extraterrestrials/">"Alien Interpreters: How Linguists Would Talk to Extraterrestrials"</a>. <i>Scientific American</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180810072633/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/alien-interpreters-how-linguists-would-talk-to-extraterrestrials/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-08-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-09</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLubin2016" class="citation web cs1">Lubin, Gus (21 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/alien-language-in-arrival-linguist-2016-11">"'Arrival' nails how humans might actually talk to aliens, a linguist says"</a>. <i>Business Insider</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117031614/http://www.businessinsider.com/alien-language-in-arrival-linguist-2016-11">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-19</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-doyle2016-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-doyle2016_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle2016" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="Laurance_Doyle" title="Laurance Doyle">Doyle, Laurance R.</a> (2016-11-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200729120031/http://cosmos.nautil.us/feature/54/listening-for-extraterrestrial-blah-blah">"Why Alien Language Would Stand Out Among All the Noise of the Universe"</a>. <i><a href="Nautilus_Quarterly" title="Nautilus Quarterly">Nautilus Quarterly</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cosmos.nautil.us/feature/54/listening-for-extraterrestrial-blah-blah">the original</a> on 2020-07-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-08-30</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-kersh2021-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kersh2021_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKershenbaum2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Arik_Kershenbaum" class="mw-redirect" title="Arik Kershenbaum">Kershenbaum, Arik</a> (2021-03-16). <a href="The_Zoologist's_Guide_to_the_Galaxy" title="The Zoologist's Guide to the Galaxy"><i>The Zoologist's Guide to the Galaxy: What Animals on Earth Reveal About Aliens--and Ourselves</i></a>. Penguin. pp. <span class="nowrap">251–</span>256. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-9848-8197-7</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1242873084">1242873084</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGolomb1968" class="citation journal cs1">Golomb, Solomon W. (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/wordways/vol1/iss4/5">"Extraterrestrial Linguistics"</a>. <i>Word Ways</i>. <b>1</b> (4).</cite></span>

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</style><div id="Extraterrestrial_life414" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">Extraterrestrial life</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Events and objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Shergotty_meteorite" title="Shergotty meteorite">Shergotty meteorite</a> (1865)</li>

<li><a href="Nakhla_meteorite" title="Nakhla meteorite">Nakhla meteorite</a> (1911)</li>

<li><a href="Murchison_meteorite" title="Murchison meteorite">Murchison meteorite</a> (1969)</li>

<li><a href="Viking_lander_biological_experiments" title="Viking lander biological experiments">Viking lander biological experiments</a> (1976)</li>

<li><a href="Allan_Hills_77005" title="Allan Hills 77005">Allan Hills 77005</a> (1977)</li>

<li><a href="Allan_Hills_84001" title="Allan Hills 84001">Allan Hills 84001</a> (1984)</li>

<li><a href="Yamato_000593" title="Yamato 000593">Yamato 000593</a> (2000)</li>

<li><a href="CI1_fossils" title="CI1 fossils">CI1 fossils</a> (2011)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Signals of interest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Misidentified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="PSR_B1919%2B21" title="PSR B1919+21">CP 1919</a> (misidentified pulsar)</li>

<li><a href="CTA-102" title="CTA-102">CTA-102</a> (misidentified quasar)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Stars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Tabby's_Star" title="Tabby's Star">KIC 8462852</a> (unusual light fluctuations)</li>

<li><a href="EPIC_204278916" title="EPIC 204278916">EPIC 204278916</a> (unusual light fluctuations)</li>

<li><a href="VVV-WIT-07" title="VVV-WIT-07">VVV-WIT-07</a> (unusual light fluctuations)</li>

<li><a href="HD_164595" title="HD 164595">HD 164595 signal</a> (unknown origin)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="SHGb02%2B14a" title="SHGb02+14a">SHGb02+14a</a> (radio source)</li>

<li><a href="Wow!_signal" title="Wow! signal">Wow! signal</a> (inconclusive)</li>

<li><a href="Fast_radio_burst" title="Fast radio burst">Fast radio burst</a> (unknown origin)</li>

<li><a href="BLC1" title="BLC1">BLC1</a> (radio signal)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Life in the Universe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Earliest_known_life_forms" title="Earliest known life forms">Earliest known life forms</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetary_habitability_in_the_Solar_System" title="Planetary habitability in the Solar System">Planetary habitability in the Solar System</a></li>

<li><a href="Life_on_Venus" title="Life on Venus">Life on Venus</a></li>

<li><a href="Life_on_Titan" title="Life on Titan">Life on Titan</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Planetary_habitability" title="Planetary habitability">Planetary<br>habitability</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Catalog_of_Nearby_Habitable_Systems" title="Catalog of Nearby Habitable Systems">Catalog of Nearby Habitable Systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Circumstellar_habitable_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Circumstellar habitable zone">Circumstellar habitable zone</a></li>

<li><a href="Earth_analog" title="Earth analog">Earth analog</a></li>

<li><a href="Extraterrestrial_liquid_water" title="Extraterrestrial liquid water">Extraterrestrial liquid water</a></li>

<li><a href="Galactic_habitable_zone" title="Galactic habitable zone">Galactic habitable zone</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitability_of_binary_star_systems" title="Habitability of binary star systems">Habitability of binary star systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitability_of_natural_satellites" title="Habitability of natural satellites">Habitability of natural satellites</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitability_of_neutron_star_systems" title="Habitability of neutron star systems">Habitability of neutron star systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitability_of_red_dwarf_systems" title="Habitability of red dwarf systems">Habitability of red dwarf systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitability_of_K-type_main-sequence_star_systems" title="Habitability of K-type main-sequence star systems">Habitability of K-type main-sequence star systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitability_of_yellow_dwarf_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Habitability of yellow dwarf systems">Habitability of yellow dwarf systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitability_of_F-type_main-sequence_star_systems" title="Habitability of F-type main-sequence star systems">Habitability of F-type main-sequence star systems</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_potentially_habitable_exoplanets" title="List of potentially habitable exoplanets">List of potentially habitable exoplanets</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetary_habitability" title="Planetary habitability">Planetary habitability</a></li>

<li><a href="Superhabitable_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Superhabitable planet">Superhabitable planet</a></li>

<li><a href="Tholin" title="Tholin">Tholin</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Astrobiology#Missions" title="Astrobiology">Space missions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Beagle_2" title="Beagle 2">Beagle 2</a></li>

<li><a href="Biological_Oxidant_and_Life_Detection" title="Biological Oxidant and Life Detection">Biological Oxidant and Life Detection</a></li>

<li><a href="BioSentinel" title="BioSentinel">BioSentinel</a></li>

<li><a href="Curiosity_(rover)" title="Curiosity (rover)"><i>Curiosity</i> rover</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Darwin_(spacecraft)" title="Darwin (spacecraft)">Darwin</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Dragonfly_(Titan_space_probe)" title="Dragonfly (Titan space probe)">Dragonfly</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Enceladus_Explorer" title="Enceladus Explorer">Enceladus Explorer</a></li>

<li><a href="Enceladus_Life_Finder" title="Enceladus Life Finder">Enceladus Life Finder</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Europa_Clipper" title="Europa Clipper">Europa Clipper</a></i></li>

<li><a href="ExoMars" title="ExoMars">ExoMars</a>

<ul><li><a href="Rosalind_Franklin_(rover)" title="Rosalind Franklin (rover)"><i>Rosalind Franklin</i> rover</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="ExoLance" title="ExoLance">ExoLance</a></li>

<li><a href="EXPOSE" title="EXPOSE">EXPOSE</a></li>

<li><a href="Foton-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Foton-M">Foton-M3</a></li>

<li><a href="Icebreaker_Life" title="Icebreaker Life">Icebreaker Life</a></li>

<li><a href="Journey_to_Enceladus_and_Titan" title="Journey to Enceladus and Titan">Journey to Enceladus and Titan</a></li>

<li><a href="Laplace-P" title="Laplace-P">Laplace-P</a></li>

<li><a href="Life_Investigation_For_Enceladus" title="Life Investigation For Enceladus">Life Investigation For Enceladus</a></li>

<li><a href="Living_Interplanetary_Flight_Experiment" title="Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment">Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment</a></li>

<li><a href="Mars_Geyser_Hopper" title="Mars Geyser Hopper">Mars Geyser Hopper</a></li>

<li><a href="Mars_sample-return_mission" title="Mars sample-return mission">Mars sample-return mission</a></li>

<li><a href="Northern_Light_(spacecraft)" title="Northern Light (spacecraft)">Northern Light</a></li>

<li><a href="Opportunity_(rover)" title="Opportunity (rover)"><i>Opportunity</i> rover</a></li>

<li><a href="Perseverance_(rover)" title="Perseverance (rover)"><i>Perseverance</i> rover</a></li>

<li><a href="SpaceX_Red_Dragon" title="SpaceX Red Dragon">SpaceX Red Dragon</a></li>

<li><a href="Spirit_(rover)" title="Spirit (rover)"><i>Spirit</i> rover</a></li>

<li><a href="Tanpopo_mission" title="Tanpopo mission">Tanpopo</a></li>

<li><a href="Titan_Mare_Explorer" title="Titan Mare Explorer">Titan Mare Explorer</a></li>

<li><a href="Venus_In_Situ_Explorer" title="Venus In Situ Explorer">Venus In Situ Explorer</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Viking_1" title="Viking 1">Viking 1</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Viking_2" title="Viking 2">Viking 2</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Interstellar_communication" title="Interstellar communication">Interstellar<br>communication</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Active_SETI" title="Active SETI">Active SETI</a></li>

<li><a href="Allen_Telescope_Array" title="Allen Telescope Array">Allen Telescope Array</a></li>

<li><a href="Arecibo_message" title="Arecibo message">Arecibo message</a></li>

<li><a href="Arecibo_Observatory" title="Arecibo Observatory">Arecibo Observatory</a></li>

<li><a href="Berkeley_SETI_Research_Center" title="Berkeley SETI Research Center">Berkeley SETI Research Center</a></li>

<li><a href="Bracewell_probe" title="Bracewell probe">Bracewell probe</a></li>

<li><a href="Breakthrough_Initiatives" title="Breakthrough Initiatives">Breakthrough Initiatives</a>

<ul><li><a href="Breakthrough_Listen" title="Breakthrough Listen">Breakthrough Listen</a></li>

<li><a href="Breakthrough_Message" class="mw-redirect" title="Breakthrough Message">Breakthrough Message</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Communication_with_extraterrestrial_intelligence" title="Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence">Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence</a></li>

<li><a href="Gauss's_Pythagorean_right_triangle_proposal" title="Gauss's Pythagorean right triangle proposal">Gauss's Pythagorean right triangle proposal</a></li>

<li><a href="Astrolinguistics" title="Astrolinguistics">Astrolinguistics</a></li>

<li><a href="Lincos_language" title="Lincos language">Lincos language</a></li>

<li><a href="NIROSETI" title="NIROSETI">NIROSETI</a></li>

<li><a href="Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Pioneer plaque</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_Cyclops" title="Project Cyclops">Project Cyclops</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_Ozma" title="Project Ozma">Project Ozma</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_Phoenix_(SETI)" title="Project Phoenix (SETI)">Project Phoenix</a></li>

<li><a href="SERENDIP" title="SERENDIP">SERENDIP</a></li>

<li><a href="Search_for_extraterrestrial_intelligence" title="Search for extraterrestrial intelligence">Search for extraterrestrial intelligence</a></li>

<li><a href="SetiQuest" title="SetiQuest">setiQuest</a></li>

<li><a href="Voyager_Golden_Record" title="Voyager Golden Record">Voyager Golden Record</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_hole_(radio)" title="Water hole (radio)">Water hole</a></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="List_of_alleged_extraterrestrial_beings" title="List of alleged extraterrestrial beings">Types of alleged<br> extraterrestrial beings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Energy_being" title="Energy being">Energy beings</a></li>

<li><a href="Grey_alien" title="Grey alien">Grey aliens</a></li>

<li><a href="Insectoids_in_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Insectoids in science fiction">Insectoids</a></li>

<li><a href="Little_green_men" title="Little green men">Little green men</a></li>

<li><a href="Nordic_aliens" title="Nordic aliens">Nordic aliens</a></li>

<li><a href="Reptilian_humanoid" title="Reptilian humanoid">Reptilian humanoids</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Hypotheses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cosmic_pluralism" title="Cosmic pluralism">Cosmic pluralism</a></li>

<li><a href="Directed_panspermia" title="Directed panspermia">Directed panspermia</a></li>

<li><a href="Drake_equation" title="Drake equation">Drake equation</a></li>

<li><a href="Extraterrestrial_hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Extraterrestrial hypothesis">Extraterrestrial hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Fermi_paradox" title="Fermi paradox">Fermi paradox</a></li>

<li><a href="Hypothetical_types_of_biochemistry" title="Hypothetical types of biochemistry">Hypothetical types of biochemistry</a></li>

<li><a href="Interplanetary_contamination" title="Interplanetary contamination">Interplanetary contamination</a></li>

<li><a href="Kardashev_scale" title="Kardashev scale">Kardashev scale</a></li>

<li><a href="Mediocrity_principle" title="Mediocrity principle">Mediocrity principle</a></li>

<li><a href="Non-planetary_abiogenesis" title="Non-planetary abiogenesis">Non-planetary abiogenesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Panspermia" title="Panspermia">Panspermia</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Fermi_paradox" title="Fermi paradox">Fermi paradox</a> solutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aestivation_hypothesis" title="Aestivation hypothesis">Aestivation hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Berserker_hypothesis" title="Berserker hypothesis">Berserker hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Dark_forest_hypothesis" title="Dark forest hypothesis">Dark forest hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Firstborn_hypothesis" title="Firstborn hypothesis">Firstborn hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Great_Filter" title="Great Filter">Great Filter</a></li>

<li><a href="Hart%E2%80%93Tipler_conjecture" title="Hart–Tipler conjecture">Hart–Tipler conjecture</a></li>

<li><a href="Neocatastrophism" title="Neocatastrophism">Neocatastrophism</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetarium_hypothesis" title="Planetarium hypothesis">Planetarium hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Rare_Earth_hypothesis" title="Rare Earth hypothesis">Rare Earth hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Zoo_hypothesis" title="Zoo hypothesis">Zoo hypothesis</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Outline_of_extraterrestrial_life" title="Outline of extraterrestrial life">Related topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ancient_astronauts" title="Ancient astronauts">Ancient astronauts</a></li>

<li><a href="Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a></li>

<li><a href="Astroecology" title="Astroecology">Astroecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Biosignature" title="Biosignature">Biosignature</a></li>

<li><a href="Brookings_Report" title="Brookings Report">Brookings Report</a></li>

<li><a href="Exotheology" title="Exotheology">Exotheology</a></li>

<li><a href="Extraterrestrials_in_fiction" title="Extraterrestrials in fiction">Extraterrestrials in fiction</a></li>

<li><a href="Extremophile" title="Extremophile">Extremophile</a></li>

<li><a href="Hemolithin" title="Hemolithin">Hemolithin</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_extraterrestrial_life_debate" title="History of the extraterrestrial life debate">History of the extraterrestrial life debate</a></li>

<li><a href="Nexus_for_Exoplanet_System_Science" title="Nexus for Exoplanet System Science">Nexus for Exoplanet System Science</a></li>

<li><a href="Noosphere" title="Noosphere">Noogenesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetary_protection" title="Planetary protection">Planetary protection</a></li>

<li><a href="Potential_cultural_impact_of_extraterrestrial_contact" title="Potential cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact">Potential cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact</a></li>

<li><a href="Post-detection_policy" title="Post-detection policy">Post-detection policy</a></li>

<li><a href="San_Marino_Scale" class="mw-redirect" title="San Marino Scale">San Marino Scale</a></li>

<li><a href="Technosignature" title="Technosignature">Technosignature</a></li>

<li><a href="UFO_religion" title="UFO religion">UFO religion</a></li>

<li><a href="Xenoarchaeology" title="Xenoarchaeology">Xenoarchaeology</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Interstellar_communications294" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Interstellar_communications294" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Interstellar_communication" title="Interstellar communication">Interstellar communications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Active_SETI" title="Active SETI">Active SETI</a></li>

<li><a href="Breakthrough_Initiatives" title="Breakthrough Initiatives">Breakthrough Initiatives</a>

<ul><li><a href="Breakthrough_Listen" title="Breakthrough Listen">Breakthrough Listen</a></li>

<li><a href="Breakthrough_Message" class="mw-redirect" title="Breakthrough Message">Breakthrough Message</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Communication_with_extraterrestrial_intelligence" title="Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence">Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence</a></li>

<li><a href="Search_for_extraterrestrial_intelligence" title="Search for extraterrestrial intelligence">Search for extraterrestrial intelligence</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Messages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_interstellar_radio_messages" title="List of interstellar radio messages">List of interstellar radio messages</a></li>

<li><a href="A_Message_from_Earth" class="mw-redirect" title="A Message from Earth">A Message from Earth</a></li>

<li><a href="Across_the_Universe_(message)" title="Across the Universe (message)">Across the Universe</a></li>

<li><a href="Arecibo_message" title="Arecibo message">Arecibo message</a></li>

<li><a href="Bracewell_probe" title="Bracewell probe">Bracewell probe</a></li>

<li><a href="Cosmic_Call" title="Cosmic Call">Cosmic Call</a></li>

<li><a href="CosmicOS" title="CosmicOS">CosmicOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Hello_from_Earth" class="mw-redirect" title="Hello from Earth">Hello from Earth</a></li>

<li><a href="Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Pioneer plaque</a></li>

<li><a href="Teen_Age_Message" title="Teen Age Message">Teen Age Message</a></li>

<li><a href="Voyager_Golden_Record" title="Voyager Golden Record">Voyager Golden Record</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Frank_Drake" title="Frank Drake">Frank Drake</a></li>

<li><a href="Ann_Druyan" title="Ann Druyan">Ann Druyan</a></li>

<li><a href="Hans_Freudenthal" title="Hans Freudenthal">Hans Freudenthal</a></li>

<li><a href="Sebastian_von_Hoerner" title="Sebastian von Hoerner">Sebastian von Hoerner</a></li>

<li><a href="Nikolai_Kardashev" title="Nikolai Kardashev">Nikolai Kardashev</a></li>

<li><a href="Jon_Lomberg" title="Jon Lomberg">Jon Lomberg</a></li>

<li><a href="Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a></li>

<li><a href="Linda_Salzman_Sagan" title="Linda Salzman Sagan">Linda Salzman Sagan</a></li>

<li><a href="Iosif_Shklovsky" title="Iosif Shklovsky">Iosif Shklovsky</a></li>

<li><a href="Aleksandr_Leonidovich_Zaitsev" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev">Aleksandr Zaitsev</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><i><a href="Archaeology%2C_Anthropology%2C_and_Interstellar_Communication" title="Archaeology, Anthropology, and Interstellar Communication">Archaeology, Anthropology, and Interstellar Communication</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a></li>

<li><a href="Astrolinguistics" title="Astrolinguistics">Astrolinguistics</a></li>

<li><a href="Drake_equation" title="Drake equation">Drake equation</a></li>

<li><a href="Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">Extraterrestrial life</a></li>

<li><a href="Lincos_language" title="Lincos language">Lincos</a></li>

<li><a href="Fermi_paradox" title="Fermi paradox">Fermi paradox</a></li>

<li><a href="Prix_Guzman" title="Prix Guzman">Prix Guzman</a></li>

<li><a href="San_Marino_Scale" class="mw-redirect" title="San Marino Scale">San Marino Scale</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div>

<ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</b></li>

<li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <a href="Portal%3ASpace" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Space">Space Portal</a></b></li></ul>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-06" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Alien_language&oldid=1294241321">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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